commands:
tar -xvf *.txz --xz
2/21/2012
2/16/2012
Display graphic bitmap data with JTAG Trace32.
Command syntax
Data.IMAGE <address> <horiz> <vert> [/<format> | <options>]
<format>: MONO, CGA, GrayScale8, JPEG
Palette256 <red> <green> <blue> …
Palette256X6 <address>
Palette256X12 <address>
Palette256X24 <address>
RGB111, RGB555, RGB555LE, RGB565, RGB565LE,
RGB888, RGB888LE, RGBX888, RGBX888LE,
YUV420, YUV422, YUV422P, YUV422PS, YUV422W, YUV422WS
<options>: BottomUp
FullUpdate
<format>: MONO, CGA, GrayScale8, JPEG
Palette256 <red> <green> <blue> …
Palette256X6 <address>
Palette256X12 <address>
Palette256X24 <address>
RGB111, RGB555, RGB555LE, RGB565, RGB565LE,
RGB888, RGB888LE, RGBX888, RGBX888LE,
YUV420, YUV422, YUV422P, YUV422PS, YUV422W, YUV422WS
<options>: BottomUp
FullUpdate
Example commands to display buffers :
Data.IMAGE C:0x40a4b0bc 320. 240. /YUV420
Data.IMAGE a:0x60000000 1920. 1080. /STRIDE 0x4000 /GS8
Data.IMAGE a:0x68001000 960. 540. /STRIDE 0x8000 /RGB565
Data.IMAGE a:0x68001000 960. 540. /STRIDE 0x8000 /RGB565
2/09/2012
androidscreencast - Desktop app to control an android device remotely
Control an Android device remotely
androidscreencast is a free and simple to use desktop app for controlling an Android device remotely using a mouse and keyboard.
androidscreencast has been developed using Java and it should work on Mac OS X, Windows and Linux with any Android device.
Usage
Connect your Android device through USB cable and ensure it's detected with "adb devices". Run androidscreencast. You can launch it by typing "javaws <jnlp file>" from a command line.
androidscreencast has been developed using Java and it should work on Mac OS X, Windows and Linux with any Android device.
Usage
Connect your Android device through USB cable and ensure it's detected with "adb devices". Run androidscreencast. You can launch it by typing "javaws <jnlp file>" from a command line.
If mouse/keyboard control doesn't work, open a command line and type :
- adb shell
- su
- chmod 777 /data/dalvik-cache
- cd /data/dalvik-cache
- chmod 777 ./
Here are some key features of "androidscreencast":
・ Mouse and keyboard control FOR ROOTED DEVICES ONLY
・ Landscape mode (right click)
・ Video recording
・ Basic file browser
・ Mouse and keyboard control FOR ROOTED DEVICES ONLY
・ Landscape mode (right click)
・ Video recording
・ Basic file browser
Limitations:
・ Slow refresh rate (about 4-5 fps)
・ Not all keycodes are mapped.
・ Slow refresh rate (about 4-5 fps)
・ Not all keycodes are mapped.
Command-line access
Get a local copy of the androidscreencast repository with this command:
Android Board Bring-up
Boot Architecture on MSM™
- ARM9™/AMSS boot
- On-chip PBL
- qcsbl.mbn
- oemsbl.mbn
- amss.mbn
- –
- Configures initial hardware config
(TLMM GPIO Configuration)
- –
- Configures modem's
multiprocessor subsystem
(SMEM, SMD, RPC)
- –
- Modem automatically connects to 3G network
- Application processor/Linux boot
- Android Bootloader
- –
- In /bootable/bootloader/legacy
- Linux OS image
- –
- Mounts system and user file system
- –
- Starts up Android components via system/core/rootdir, starts up initial Dalvik process
Boot Architecture on MSM (cont.)
- When power is applied to MSM, mARM executes the Primary Boot Loader (PBL) from on-chip ROM
- PBL loads Qualcomm Secondary Boot Loader (QCSBL) into memory and transitions to secondary boot stage
- System fully boots after QCSBL execution and enters operational software download mode
- Modem image is loaded on mARM
- Applications boot image, i.e., Android bootloader, is loaded into memory for aARM execution, which continues loading Android OS
Boot Architecture on QSD
- ARM9™/AMSS boot
- On-chip PBL
- dbl.mbn/fsbl.mbn
- osbl.mbn
- amss.mbn
- –
- Configures initial hardware config
(TLMM GPIO Configuration)
- –
- Configures modem's
multiprocessor subsystem
(SMEM, SMD, RPC)
- –
- Modem automatically connects
to 3G network
- Application processor/Linux boot
- Android Bootloader
- –
- In bootable/bootloader/legacy
- Linux OS image
- –
- Mounts system and user file system
- –
- Starts up Android components via system/core/rootdir, starts up initial Dalvik process
Android Boot Architecture
Android Bootloader Configuration~
Android Boot Architecture
Android Bootloader
- For MSM7xxx and QSD, modem processor plays master role and handles memory configuration and clock/voltage setting for entire system
- Android bootloader entry point (in /android/bootable/bootloader/legacy/usbloader/main.c)
- Initialize ARM11 clock speed from TCXO to 600 MHz
- Create partition table and initialize basic peripherals, such as UART, keypad, panel, USB, and flash controller
- Parse or generate ATAGs
- Load kernel and hand over to kernel init code
- Handle image download, if needed
Bootloader File Structure
- Bootloader located in:
- /android/bootable/bootloader/legacy/usbloader
- Bootloader libraries come from three categories:
- Generic
- Architecture
- Board
Bootloader File Structure –Generic Category
- Generic category contains code useful to any bootloader
- Common bootloader libraries and base architectures
- bootable/bootloader/legacy/include/boot/*.*
- bootable/bootloader/legacy/libboot/*.*
- bootable/bootloader/legacy/libc/*.*
- bootable/bootloader/legacy/arch_armv6/*.*
- Generated library and object located at:
- out/target/product/msm7627_surf/obj/STATIC_LIBRARIES/libboot_intermediates/libboot.a
- out/target/product/msm7627_surf/obj/STATIC_LIBRARIES/libboot_c_intermediates/libboot_c.a
- out/target/product/msm7627_surf/obj/STATIC_LIBRARIES/libboot_arch_armv6_intermediates/libboot_arch_armv6.a
Bootloader File Structure –Architecture Category
- Architecture category contains code useful to specific CPU, system-on-chip, etc.
- Libraries and base architectures –Headers
- bootable/bootloader/legacy/include/msm7k/*.*
- bootable/bootloader/legacy/ arch_msm7k /*.*
- Generated library and object file located at:
- out/target/product/msm7627_surf/obj/STATIC_LIBRARIES/libboot_arch_msm7k_intermediates/libboot_arch_msm7k.a
Bootloader File Structure –Board Category
- Board category contains code useful to a single, specific device
- Libraries and base architectures –Configuration
- vendor/qcom/msm7627_surf/*.*
- vendor/qcom/msm7627_surf/boot/*.*
- Generated library and object file located at:
- out/target/product/msm7627_surf/obj/STATIC_LIBRARIES/libboot_board_surf_intermediates/libboot_board_surf.a
Bootloader File Structure –Board Configuration
- The BoardConfig.mk defines important build variables:
- TARGET_BOOTLOADER_LIBS := \libboot_board_surf \libboot_arch_msm7k\libboot_arch_armv6
- TARGET_BOOTLOADER_LINK_SCRIPT := \vendor/qcom/$(TARGET_PRODUCT)/boot/boot.ld
- BOARD_KERNEL_CMDLINE := mem=203M console=ttyMSM2,115200n8 androidboot.hardware=qcom
Bootloader Configuration
- The following primary files require modification for SURF boards:
- vendor/qcom/msm7627_surf/boot/board.c –Defines flash partitions and atags, provides board-specific initialization
- vendor/qcom/msm7627_surf/boot/panel.c –Panel driver for outputting console messages
- vendor/qcom/msm7627_surf/boot/keypad.c –Keypad driver for hot-key controlling
- arch_msm7k/android/nand.c –Flash driver for NAND devices
- arch_msm7k/hsusb.c –USB driver for fast boot
- arch_msm7k/clock.c –Clock driver for setting frequency of ARM11 and AHB
- arch_msm7k/uart.c –Serial port driver
- arch_msm7k/gpio.c –GPIO driver for bootloader
Note:For QSD, similar modifications would be made under the appropriate QSD architecture subdirectory.
Flash Layout –board.c
- Flash partition table (unit –block); the partition in PTABLE must refer to allocation in /AMSS/products/7600/tools/headergen/partition.c
ptentry PTABLE[] = {
{
.start = 300,
.length = 40,
.name = "boot",
},
{
.start = 356,
.length = 512,
.name = "system"
},
{
.start = 868,
.length = 155 + 1024,
.name = "userdata",
},
{
.name = "",
},
};
Partition table
|
Range
|
Android partitions
|
0:APPSBL
|
230 –233
(1 MB)
|
Android
Bootloader
|
0:APPS +
0:FTL +
0:EFS2APPS
|
300 –339
(5 MB)
|
boot (kernel)
|
356 –867
(64 MB)
|
system
| |
868 –2046
(147 MB)
|
user data
|
Command Line –board.c
- Use Linux kernel command line (default kernel command line) or specify command line in BoardConfig.mk
const char *board_cmdline(void)
{
return "mem=201M console=ttyMSM2,115200n8";
}
- Board machine type
unsigned board_machtype(void)
{
return 1439;
}
- To register machine type, see [R1]
Keypad Configuration –keypad.c
- android/bootable/bootloader/legacy/arch_msm7k/keypad.c
- Configure GPIO for keypad
static unsigned int halibut_row_gpios[] = { 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 41 };
static unsigned int halibut_col_gpios[] = { 36, 37, 38, 39, 40 };
- Configure special key to stop booting Linux
- –
- The following example shows two different stop boot key mappings used by two different targets –SURF and FFA
static unsigned int halibut_key_map[] = {
[11] = BOOT_KEY_CONTINUE_BOOT, /* FA on SURF, B on FFA */
[23] = BOOT_KEY_STOP_BOOT, /* FB on SURF */
[27] = BOOT_KEY_STOP_BOOT, /* 2 on FFA */
};
- On SURF, pressing the [FB] key will stop booting Linux and the system will enter Fastboot mode; the FFA's special key is [2]
Keypad Configuration –keypad.c (cont.)
- Register keypad information
static gpio_keypad_info halibut_keypad = {
.output_gpios = halibut_row_gpios,
.input_gpios = halibut_col_gpios,
.noutputs = ARRAY_SIZE(halibut_row_gpios),
.ninputs = ARRAY_SIZE(halibut_col_gpios),
.key_map = halibut_key_map,
.settle_time = 5000,
.polarity = 0,
.drive_inactive_outputs = 1
};
Panel Configuration –panel.c
- The following interfaces are implemented for the Toshiba VGA panel on SURF:
- panel_init( ) –Panel ID detection
- panel_poweron( ) –Power-on panel
- panel_backlight( ) –Control backlight of panel
- The MDDI console is implemented to output messages
- bootable/bootloader/legacy/arch_msm7k/mddi_console.c
- console_init()
- console_putc()
- console_clear()
Bootloader Framebuffer
- console_putc() calls drawglyph() to draw the character on LCD
- drawglyph(pixels + cy * 12 * fb_width + cx * 6, FGCOLOR,fb_width, font5x12 + (c -32) * 2);
- The font5x12[] is character pattern file
unsigned font5x12[] = {0x00000000, 0x00000000,0x08421080, 0x000200840x00052940, 0x00000000,0x15f52800, 0x0000295f,0x1c52f880, 0x00023e94,0x08855640, 0x0004d542,.......}
Bootloader Framebuffer (cont.)
- Default resolution in bootloader is 800 (fb_width) x 480(fb_height)
- Color format –565RGB
- bit[0:4] –Blue
- bit[5:10] –Green
- bit[11:15] –Red
- Example to splash RGB color on LCD
void splash_image(){
unsigned short *dst = mddi_framebuffer();
unsigned short color,rgb[3] = {0xf800, 0x07E0, 0x001f};
unsigned j,k;
for (j = 0; j < fb_height; j++) {
if ( !(j % (fb_height/3) ) )
color = rgb[ j/(fb_height/3) ];
for (k = 0; k < fb_width; k++ )
*dst++ = color;
}
console_flush();
}
UART Configuration –uart.c
- bootable/bootloader/legacy/arch_msm7k/uart.c
- uart_init() –Configure UART base address and init UART configuration, uart_init (n) , n = 0 (UART1), 1 (UART2), 2 (UART3)
- In uart_init()uwr(UART_CSR_115200, UART_CSR); // to change baud rate
- uart_getc() –Get input character from console
- uart_putc() –Send output character to console
- uart_put() –Send output string to console
USB Driver
- bootable/bootloader/legacy/arch_msm7k/hsusb.c
- Supports fastboot protocol to download image
- Supports Fastboot mode
- Protocol defined over USB
- Used for flashing Android bootloader, system image, and file system
- Mode normally triggered by special key sequence upon startup
- Fastboot application
- –
- Source files –system/core/fastboot
- –
- Fastboot available on Linux, Mac OSX, and Windows versions; for information regarding how to build the fastboot application, refer to [Q3]
- –
- Flashes new Android code much faster than JTAG
Bootloader MSM7x27 Clock Configuration –clock.c
- bootable/bootloader/legacy/arch_msm7k/clock.c
- ARM11 core clock source is determined by A11S_CLK_CNTL (0xC0100100) CLK_SRC1_SEL[12:14] or CLK_SRC0_SEL[4:6] and A11S_CLK_SEL (0xC0100104) CLK_SEL_SRC1N0[0]
- MSM7x27 pll speed of Dual mode frequency plan
Bootloader MSM7x27 Clock Configuration –clock.c (cont.)
- arm11_clock_init() increases the ARM11 core speed from 19.2 MHz to 600 MHz
- C = > A11S_CLK_CNTL, S => A11S_CLK_SEL
C,(CLK_SRC_TCXO << 12) | (DIV_1 << 8) | \
(CLK_SRC_TCXO << 4) | (DIV_1)),
S, ((DIV_4 << 1) | (CLK_SRC0)),
|
ARM11 : 19.2 MHz / 1 = 19.2 MHz
|
C, (CLK_SRC_TCXO << 12) | (DIV_1 << 8) | \
(CLK_SRC_PLL2 << 4) | (DIV_5)),
S, ((DIV_4 << 1) | (CLK_SRC1)),
|
ARM11 : 1200 MHz / 5 = 240 MHz
|
C, (CLK_SRC_PLL2 << 12) | (DIV_3 << 8) | \
(CLK_SRC_PLL2 << 4) | (DIV_5)),
S, ((DIV_4 << 1) | (CLK_SRC0)),
|
ARM11 : 1200 MHz / 3 = 400 MHz
|
C, (CLK_SRC_PLL2 << 12) | (DIV_3 << 8) | \
(CLK_SRC_PLL2 << 4) | (DIV_2)),
S, ((DIV_3 << 1) | (CLK_SRC1)),
|
ARM11 : 1200 MHz / 2 = 600 MHz
|
Bootloader QSD Clock Configuration –clock.c
- bootable/bootloader/legacy/arch_qsd8k/clock.c
- Scorpion core clock source is determined by SPSS_CLK_SEL (0xAC100104) register [2:1]; reset clock source is AXI Bus Clock
- arm11_clock_init() sets the Scorpion core clock source to 01: Unbuffered Snapdragon core processor PLL
val = readl(A11S_CLK_SEL);
val &= ~(0x3 << 1); // reset the clock source
val |= (1 << 1);//set clock source to SPLL
writel(val, A11S_CLK_SEL);
- The formula for SPLL is CLOCK = TCXO * L * 2, and the value of L can be configured in PLL_FSM_CTL_EXT(0xA8800010)[8:3]
val = readl(SCPLL_CTLE);
val &= ~(0x3F << 3);
val |= (0x14 << 3); //Use 0x1A instead of 0x14 for 998 MHz
writel(val, SCPLL_CTLE); //19.2 MHz*20*2=768 MHz, 19.2 MHz*26*2=998 MHz
Android Images
- Output folder is android/out/target/product/msm7627_surf
- usbloader –Android bootloader; for compliance with MIBIB architecture, a header is needed
- –
- MSM7K –appsboot.mbn (usbloader) and appsboothd.mbn
- –
- QSD8K –appsboot.mbn (40 bytes header + usbloader)
- boot.img –Image containing (boot header + Linux kernel + ramdisk/rootfs)
- system.img –Image containing Android user space applications and libraries, including libc.
Android Images –Bootimage Header
struct boot_img_hdr {
unsigned char magic[BOOT_MAGIC_SIZE];
unsigned kernel_size; /* size in bytes */
unsigned kernel_addr; /* physical load addr 0x10008000 */
unsigned ramdisk_size; /* size in bytes */
unsigned ramdisk_addr; /* physical load addr 0x11000000 */
unsigned tags_addr; /* physical addr for kernel tags
0x10000100 */
unsigned page_size; /* flash page size we assume */
unsigned unused[2]; /* future expansion: should be 0 */
unsigned char cmdline[BOOT_ARGS_SIZE];
unsigned id[8]; /* timestamp / checksum / sha1 / etc */
}
Android Kernel Configuration~
Android Kernel Configuration
Kernel Boot Sequence
- Kernel initializing procedure
- zImage decompression
- –
- /kernel/arch/arm/boot/compressed/head.S
- ARM architecture specific kernel code
- –
- /kernel/arch/arm/kernel/head.S
- –
- /kernel/arch/arm/kernel/head-common.S
- Processor-independent kernel code
- –
- /kernel/init/main.c
- –
- start_kernel()
Memory Map Requirements of Linux Kernel on MSM
- Kernel physical memory start address recommended on 2 MB alignment
- In file /kernel/arch/arm/kernel/head.S
#if (PHYS_OFFSET & 0x001fffff)
#error "PHYS_OFFSET must be at an even 2MiB boundary!"
PM8058 Voltage Regulator Hardware-to-Software Mapping Guide
Table provides a cross-reference for PM8058 voltage regulator names in hardware and software.
| VREG | SW ID | Type | I-rated (mA) | Default Vout (V) | Default state | Programmable range (V) |
| S0 | VREG_MSMC1 | Buck SMPS | 1500 | 1.1 | On | 0.375 � 3.050 |
| S1 | VREG_MSMC2 | Buck SMPS | 1500 | 1.1 | On | 0.375 � 3.050 |
| S2 | VREG_RF1 | Buck SMPS | 1500 | 1.35 | Off | 0.375 � 3.050 |
| S3 | VREG_MSME | Buck SMPS | 1500 | 1.8 | On | 0.375 � 3.050 |
| S4 | VREG_RF2 | Buck SMPS | 1500 | 2.2 | Off | 0.375 � 3.050 |
| NCP | VREG_NCP | Charge pump | 200 | -1.8 | Off | -3.050 � -1.800 |
| L0 | VREG_GP3 | Linear n LDO | 150 | 1.2 | On | 0.750 � 1.525 |
| L1 | VREG_GP8 | Linear n LDO | 300 | 1.2 | On | 0.750 � 1.525 |
| L2 | VREG_XO_OUT_D0 | Linear p LDO | 300 | 2.6 | On | 1.500 � 3.050 |
| L3 | VREG_USIM | Linear p LDO | 150 | 1.8 | On | 1.500 � 3.050 |
| L4 | VREG_TCXO | Linear p LDO | 50 | 2.85 | On | 1.500 � 3.050 |
| L5 | VREG_SDCC1 | Linear p LDO | 300 | 2.85 | On | 1.500 � 3.050 |
| L6 | VREG_USB_3P3 | Linear p LDO | 50 | 3.075 | On | 3.075 |
| L7 | VREG_USB_1P8 | Linear p LDO | 50 | 1.8 | On | 1.500 � 3.050 |
| L8 | VREG_GP7 | Linear p LDO | 300 | 2.2 | Off | 1.500 � 3.050 |
| L9 | VREG_GP1 | Linear p LDO | 300 | 2.05 | Off | 1.500 � 3.050 |
| L10 | VREG_GP4 | Linear p LDO | 300 | 2.6 | Off | 1.500 � 3.050 |
| L11 | VREG_GP2 | Linear p LDO | 150 | 2.8 | Off | 1.500 � 3.050 |
| L12 | VREG_GP9 | Linear p LDO | 150 | 2.9 | Off | 1.500 � 3.050 |
| L13 | VREG_WLAN1 | Linear p LDO | 300 | 2.85 | Off | 1.500 � 3.050 |
| L14 | VREG_RF | Linear p LDO | 300 | 2.85 | Off | 1.500 � 3.050 |
| L15 | VREG_GP6 | Linear p LDO | 300 | 2.85 | Off | 1.500 � 3.050 |
| L16 | VREG_GP10 | Linear p LDO | 300 | 1.8 | Off | 1.500 � 3.050 |
| L17 | VREG_GP11 | Linear p LDO | 150 | 2.2 | Off | 1.500 � 3.050 |
| L18 | VREG_GP12 | Linear p LDO | 150 | 2.2 | Off | 1.500 � 3.050 |
| L19 | VREG_WLAN2 | Linear p LDO | 150 | 2.5 | Off | 1.500 � 3.050 |
| L20 | VREG_GP13 | Linear p LDO | 150 | 1.5 | Off | 1.500 � 3.050 |
| L21 | VREG_GP14 | Linear n LDO | 150 | 1.1 | On | 0.750 � 1.525 |
| L22 | VREG_GP15 | Linear n LDO | 300 | 1.2 | Off | 0.750 � 1.525 |
| L23 | VREG_GP5 | Linear n LDO | 300 | 1.2 | Off | 0.750 � 1.525 |
| L24 | VREG_GP16 | Linear n LDO | 150 | 1.3 | Off | 0.750 � 1.525 |
| L25 | VREG_GP17 | Linear n LDO | 150 | 1.3 | Off | 0.750 � 1.525 |
| LVS0 | VREG_LVSW0 | Low voltage switch | 100 | - | Off | - |
| LVS1 | VREG_LVSW1 | Low voltage switch | 100 | - | Off | - |
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